Many refinery inject Caustic into crude feed to CDU to control condensation of HCL downstream of distillation tower in overhead lines. Caustic Injection is carefully balanced with Chloride levels measured in overhead receiver. Chloride level normally maintained between 10 to 30 PPM. Lower limit is normally maintained to avoid over treatment with Caustic. Overtreatment can result in contamination of Heavy product from CDU.
Acid or salt present in distillation column overhead system of CDU & VDU may cause corrosion. It is a regular practice to inject Filming Amin (Corrosion Inhibitor), Neutralizing Amine or Wash water at same time to control Corrosion in Column.
Processing Crude oil containing high level of Calcium Naphthenates. Calicum Naphthenates create Number of operating challenges. Calcium Naphthenates found in crude oil is insoluble in Oil, Water & Solvent. This can cause fouling Probem in Hydrotreating stage and other upstream product facility. To avoid such kind of Fouling, Antifoulant is added.
Antifoam Injection is done in Coke drum to prevent foaming problem.
Anti oxidants
injection package
Metering metal de-activators (anti-oxidants) to eliminate gum formations in gasolines
Acid & alkali
injection package
Metering caustic to adjust pH of sour gas or crude oil to cut down on corrosion. Metering acid for polymerization.
Effluent treatment
& waste water
treatment injection
package
Anionic & cationic polymer injection for phosphate removal, coagulation & filtration. NaOH metering for metal removal. pH control & cyanide removal. Ferric Chloride & alum injection for coagulation. CuSO4 injection for algae control. Metering of lime slurries for pH control (corrosion control) and coagulation. NaOCl injection for caustic and cyanide removal, and disinfection. Sodium Bisulfite for lime control by hexavalent chromium. Metering activated carbon or diatomaceous earth slurries for odour and colour.
This application can be customized by many design factors:
type of air elimination device; a) air eliminator buffer tank b) bulk air eliminator in front of the meter
type of pump for hose stripping at end of unloadinbg
safety devices for pump dry run prevention system
connection trough flexible hose or rigid arm
above or below ground for NPSH limitation
HMI & operator identification
A blending system is designed to produce the scheduled blend volume by means of using two or more components. Main application are:
– bio fuels
– bunker fuels (IFO)
– crude oil
– lube oil
– LPG
Can be made by following techniques:
– Batch Blending
– In-line Blending
– Simultaneous Metered Blending
Additive injection systems ensure safe and accurate dosing of additives to fuels. Main applications are:
IVD Additives
Red/Yellow Dye
Lubricity Additive
Anti-static Additive
Ethyl Mercaptan
Liquid Performance Catalysts
Cetane Improver
Custody transfer of ownership of Fuel Oil demand for a small level of uncertainty to prevent a significant loss of revenue. Local national or international Wheigh & Measure standard drives the selection of primary flow element (including Ultrasonic, Turbine, Orifice, Positive Displacement), the number of runs, the lay out, the instrumentation & control and the proving system. The optimal design results into the best solution to allow better quality, safety, accuracy and performance while minimizing the fabrication, trasportation, installation and ownership cost.
There are a wide range of trasfering and forwarding services inside a power plant or a tank farm.
from fuel inboud (rail car‚ ship‚ tank truck) into storage
from treated to untreated tank
from storage to day tank
from storage or day tank to fuel injection pump
from tank to loading rack.
The distance that the fuel has to travel, the service level, the product temperature and viscosity, the NPSHa and other working or enviromental factors drive the selection of the pump. Commonly used pumps in this application include three screw‚ two screw and centrifugal.
Each flowmeter need to periodically re calibrated. Frequency or recalibration and method are either imposed by local Wheight & Measure standard or by end user speficication. Proving methods are:
pipe prover
piston prover
fixed volume prover or
master meters
Selection of the above method is driver by:
W&M standard
type of flowmeter
working condition (pressure, temperature and viscosity)
application (batch loading or continuos transfer)
permanenet or mobile required service
Bidirectional and two phase transloading & Fiscal metering.
Highly accurate net batching
Measuring of LPG liquid phase and LPG return vapor phase to include gaseous component into calculation
Compact system on single skid
Use of Coriolis mass flow meter
Remote operation, certified according to OIML R-117-1 and MID directive
It is required for downstream protection by means of control valve.
Number and type of installed safety devives depend to customer request and local regulations.
Can be combined flow & pressure reduction and control.
Can be of one or two reduction stages.
Transferring LPG between modes of transport, whether from refinery to terminal, terminal to supplier, supplier to storage facility or supplier to end user. The modes of transport include marine, pipeline, rail, air and truck.
Car filling Autogas
modules station
Auto Gas stations modules for filling LPG gas in cars and other vehicles with storage tank capacity ranging from 3.000 Liters to 10.000 Liters and with the choice of single or double nozzle LPG dispenser ;
custom built ready to install plant
easy to operate and cheap maintenance
with all safety features
PED & ASME design code
design pressure 25bar
temperature range -20°C / +55°C
